官方安装 Nginx 最新稳定版 linux

2020年6月10日

nginx: Linux packages

Supported distributions and versions
Installation instructions
     RHEL/CentOS
     Debian
     Ubuntu
     SLES
     Alpine
Source Packages
Dynamic Modules
Signatures

Supported distributions and versions

nginx packages are available for the following Linux distributions and versions:

RHEL/CentOS

Version Supported Platforms
6.x x86_64, i386
7.4+ x86_64, ppc64le
8.x x86_64

 

Debian

Version Supported Platforms
9.x “stretch” x86_64, i386
10.x “buster” x86_64, i386

 

Ubuntu

Version Supported Platforms
16.04 “xenial” x86_64, i386, ppc64el, aarch64/arm64
18.04 “bionic” x86_64, aarch64/arm64
19.10 “eoan” x86_64
20.04 “focal” x86_64, aarch64/arm64

 

SLES

Version Supported Platforms
12 x86_64
15 x86_64

 

Alpine

Version Supported platforms
3.8 x86_64
3.9 x86_64
3.10 x86_64
3.11 x86_64

 

Installation instructions

Before you install nginx for the first time on a new machine, you need to set up the nginx packages repository. Afterward, you can install and update nginx from the repository.

RHEL/CentOS

Install the prerequisites:

sudo yum install yum-utils

To set up the yum repository, create the file named /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo with the following contents:

[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

By default, the repository for stable nginx packages is used. If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command:

sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline

To install nginx, run the following command:

sudo yum install nginx

When prompted to accept the GPG key, verify that the fingerprint matches 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62, and if so, accept it.

Debian

Install the prerequisites:

sudo apt install curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release

To set up the apt repository for stable nginx packages, run the following command:

echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/debian `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command instead:

echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/debian `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

Next, import an official nginx signing key so apt could verify the packages authenticity:

curl -fsSL https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | sudo apt-key add -

Verify that you now have the proper key:

sudo apt-key fingerprint ABF5BD827BD9BF62

The output should contain the full fingerprint 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62 as follows:

pub   rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2024-06-14]
      573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079  A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62
uid   [ unknown] nginx signing key <[email protected]>

To install nginx, run the following commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

 

Ubuntu

Install the prerequisites:

sudo apt install curl gnupg2 ca-certificates lsb-release

To set up the apt repository for stable nginx packages, run the following command:

echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command instead:

echo "deb http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/ubuntu `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list

Next, import an official nginx signing key so apt could verify the packages authenticity:

curl -fsSL https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | sudo apt-key add -

Verify that you now have the proper key:

sudo apt-key fingerprint ABF5BD827BD9BF62

The output should contain the full fingerprint 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62 as follows:

pub   rsa2048 2011-08-19 [SC] [expires: 2024-06-14]
      573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079  A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62
uid   [ unknown] nginx signing key <[email protected]>

To install nginx, run the following commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

 

SLES

Install the prerequisites:

sudo zypper install curl ca-certificates gpg2

To set up the zypper repository for stable nginx packages, run the following command:

sudo zypper addrepo --gpgcheck --type yum --refresh --check \
    'http://nginx.org/packages/sles/$releasever' nginx-stable

If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command instead:

sudo zypper addrepo --gpgcheck --type yum --refresh --check \
    'http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/sles/$releasever' nginx-mainline

Next, import an official nginx signing key so zypper/rpm could verify the packages authenticity. Fetch the key:

curl -o /tmp/nginx_signing.key https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

Verify that the downloaded file contains the proper key:

gpg --with-fingerprint /tmp/nginx_signing.key

The output should contain the full fingerprint 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62 as follows:

pub  2048R/7BD9BF62 2011-08-19 [expires: 2024-06-14]
      Key fingerprint = 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079  A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62
uid nginx signing key <[email protected]>

Finally, import the key to the rpm database:

sudo rpmkeys --import /tmp/nginx_signing.key

To install nginx, run the following command:

sudo zypper install nginx

 

Alpine

Install the prerequisites:

sudo apk add openssl curl ca-certificates

To set up the apk repository for stable nginx packages, run the following command:

printf "%s%s%s\n" \
    "http://nginx.org/packages/alpine/v" \
    `egrep -o '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/alpine-release` \
    "/main" \
    | sudo tee -a /etc/apk/repositories

If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command instead:

printf "%s%s%s\n" \
    "http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/alpine/v" \
    `egrep -o '^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/alpine-release` \
    "/main" \
    | sudo tee -a /etc/apk/repositories

Next, import an official nginx signing key so apk could verify the packages authenticity. Fetch the key:

curl -o /tmp/nginx_signing.rsa.pub https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.rsa.pub

Verify that downloaded file contains the proper key:

openssl rsa -pubin -in /tmp/nginx_signing.rsa.pub -text -noout

The output should contain the following modulus:

Public-Key: (2048 bit)
Modulus:
    00:fe:14:f6:0a:1a:b8:86:19:fe:cd:ab:02:9f:58:
    2f:37:70:15:74:d6:06:9b:81:55:90:99:96:cc:70:
    5c:de:5b:e8:4c:b2:0c:47:5b:a8:a2:98:3d:11:b1:
    f6:7d:a0:46:df:24:23:c6:d0:24:52:67:ba:69:ab:
    9a:4a:6a:66:2c:db:e1:09:f1:0d:b2:b0:e1:47:1f:
    0a:46:ac:0d:82:f3:3c:8d:02:ce:08:43:19:d9:64:
    86:c4:4e:07:12:c0:5b:43:ba:7d:17:8a:a3:f0:3d:
    98:32:b9:75:66:f4:f0:1b:2d:94:5b:7c:1c:e6:f3:
    04:7f:dd:25:b2:82:a6:41:04:b7:50:93:94:c4:7c:
    34:7e:12:7c:bf:33:54:55:47:8c:42:94:40:8e:34:
    5f:54:04:1d:9e:8c:57:48:d4:b0:f8:e4:03:db:3f:
    68:6c:37:fa:62:14:1c:94:d6:de:f2:2b:68:29:17:
    24:6d:f7:b5:b3:18:79:fd:31:5e:7f:4c:be:c0:99:
    13:cc:e2:97:2b:dc:96:9c:9a:d0:a7:c5:77:82:67:
    c9:cb:a9:e7:68:4a:e1:c5:ba:1c:32:0e:79:40:6e:
    ef:08:d7:a3:b9:5d:1a:df:ce:1a:c7:44:91:4c:d4:
    99:c8:88:69:b3:66:2e:b3:06:f1:f4:22:d7:f2:5f:
    ab:6d
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)

Finally, move the key to apk trusted keys storage:

sudo mv /tmp/nginx_signing.rsa.pub /etc/apk/keys/

To install nginx, run the following command:

sudo apk add nginx

 

Source Packages

Packaging sources can be found in the packaging sources repository.

The default branch holds packaging sources for the current mainline version, while stable-* branches contain latest sources for stable releases. To build binary packages, run make in debian/ directory on Debian/Ubuntu, or in rpm/SPECS/ on RHEL/CentOS/SLES, or in apk/ on Alpine.

Packaging sources are distributed under the same 2-clause BSD-like license used by nginx.

Dynamic Modules

Main nginx package is built with all modules that do not require additional libraries to avoid extra dependencies. Since version 1.9.11, nginx supports dynamic modules and the following modules are built as dynamic and shipped as separate packages:

nginx-module-geoip
nginx-module-image-filter
nginx-module-njs
nginx-module-perl
nginx-module-xslt

 

Signatures

Since our PGP keys and packages are located on the same server, they are equally trusted. It is highly advised to additionally verify the authenticity of the downloaded PGP key. PGP has the “Web of Trust” concept, when a key is signed by someone else’s key, that in turn is signed by another key and so on. It often makes possible to build a chain from an arbitrary key to someone’s key who you know and trust personally, thus verify the authenticity of the first key in a chain. This concept is described in details in GPG Mini Howto. Our keys have enough signatures, and their authenticity is relatively easy to check.

 

原文:http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html

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